The article by Michael Atiyah explores significant developments in various branches of mathematics throughout the 20th century, highlighting the connections between different mathematical concepts and their broader implications. Atiyah presents an intriguing perspective on how Geometry relates to Space and Algebra to Time, suggesting a deeper philosophical interpretation of mathematical structures. The article identifies key mathematicians and pivotal theories that shaped modern mathematics, emphasizing the interplay between these two areas of mathematics and their applications in physics and other sciences, which is particularly relevant today in the context of advancements in theoretical physics and cosmology.